TCP/IP--?·???÷±ê×??ò?é
?·???÷±ê×??ò?é
?????±?°???á?????????????????????????????¨?????è?ó??????????×?TCP/IP???é?????????ê?ú??????????????????·??????????????¨?????é??????±ê×????ù??TCP/IP??????????????????×??ó??×??????????????·???÷×÷??IP???????????è±????????????°??·?????????
?·???÷×÷??IP?????????è±????????????????±?°?????ú???????ü?????????è±?±??í???????¨????????????????????×÷???????±?????·???÷?è±????????ó???????????????÷?§?????·???÷???????????à???????????·???÷×÷?????????????????è±???±????¨???è±???·????á??×??????ó???ù?????·???÷?è±?×÷????·?????????????±????????????·???÷?è±???·?????±ê×??????ù????YD/T1156-2001???·???÷??????·????????·???÷?·??YD/T1098-2001???·???÷??????·????????·???÷?·??
?????·???÷?¨??
?????·???÷???¤×÷??OSI??????????????????????????????°ü×?·??è±????·???÷?¨??×?·?????°ü?????????????????????·???÷?????§???à?????é?¨??TCP/IP??IPX/SPX??AppleTalk?????é?????????????ú???ó?à???·???÷????TCP/IP???é???·???÷?¨???????????ò?à????IP×????ò?????????é±ê??????????????????????1?????í???????·???÷?ù??????????°ü?????????????·???°?·???÷???????¤???·??±í???¨???????????°?????????·?????????????·??????°ü?·????×?·?????°ü???·???÷?¨?????????¤?·??±í??·????±?°???????????????¨???????????????·???÷?????·???????·?????????¤?·??±í??
?????·???÷·??à
?????±?°?·???÷·??à·?·¨?÷?ì???÷??·??à·?·¨?????¨?????????????????ê????????
???????á????·????·???÷??·??????é???á????·????é???á?????¨?????????·???÷?????é???á?????????·???÷??·????é???á????????????????·????·???÷??·????????·???÷???????·???÷???????·???÷???????????????¨???????????·???÷?????ó?ì????°ü???????????????????????????¨???????é???á?????????·???÷????????±??????¨?????????????·???÷?????ó?à???????????????°??????????????????????????????·????·???÷??·????¨???·???÷??ר???·???÷????°??ù?????·???÷???¨???·???÷??ר???·???÷?¨???????????????¨???????·???÷????????????×÷ר?????????????????·???÷??×÷???????????§??????PSTN???????°??????????VPN?·???÷?????í?????í???????°???????????í???????·???÷???÷?í???????????°???à??????????·????·???÷??·????????·???÷???°·??????·???÷???¨???????·???÷???????·???÷??????????????×?·?????°ü?????????·???÷??·??????·???÷???????????????í???????·???÷????????×?·???????
??????±ê×??????¨?????·???÷??????????·???·??????????·???÷???????·???÷???à±???±?°??????????ó??20Gbit/s??°ü?????????ó??20Mbit/s???·???÷?????????·???÷??°ü????????????1Mbit/s???·???÷?????????·???÷??????????????×??ó??Cisco??????????12000???????????·???÷??7500?????????·???÷???????·???÷????????????·???????????°ü????????1Mbit/s????20Mbit/s???????·???÷????????±ê×???°???±ê×??????????±???????·???÷??·????????????????·???÷?????????????????????????·???÷?ò?????·???÷???ù???????????í??±ê×???
????±ê×????¨????
?????·???÷±ê×??÷??????RFC???????????·???÷???????????à??RFC???????à???ó????°?????
?????????????????ó???·?????é?????????é???°????±ê×???????????·????????????????????????????????·???÷?à??×???????RFC??????RFC1812????IPv4?·???÷???????ó???·???÷?è±???????·?????????RFC1812?????±?????????????????è±?±ê×???????????????
?????????·???÷±ê×??÷??????RFC???????????????ò??·?????????????±ê·????÷?????????·???÷???????á?????????·???÷?????ó??????????±ê×???·¨°ü???ù???à?????é?????????ù?????é???????????????à?????é±ê×??òRFC???????????ò????·????ò?????à??RFC???????????é???????????±?????????ò????
?????¨1???????é?????ó????????±??????????????????????????¨2?????????ó???·???÷????????·??????ü???????????????ò?è±??ò?±???????????¨3???????§???á?ò???¨???ò?????????????????í??????±ê×????¨???????¨?·???÷±????????????é???á???????????é?????????????¨???é??±??????????????????????????????è?????????????????à???é×÷??????
?????·???÷±ê×??÷???????±?°?????????????°?±?°°?±??????é?°RFC????????×??????????ì?ò???ü?????°?à?????é?òRFC????°?±????ü?????·???÷±ê×???×÷?à???ü???ò??????
????±ê×?·??§
?????·???÷?????§???à?????é?¨??TCP/IP??IPX/SPX??AppleTalk?????é????????TCP/IP???é????°?±?4??°?±?6??·????????????±?°TCP/IP??????????±ê×???IPv4?????????????????????ù???·???÷±ê×?×?????·??§??IPv4???è±???????IPv6????????????????????????????????·????????ù??±ê×????¨?é?·???÷?§??IPv6??????×÷??·???
?????·???÷??±ê×????ù?è?????·???÷???????????·???÷?????÷?·???÷???????·???÷?????á???·???????????á????×÷???????????????ú???????????????????±??????±ê×????¨?é???????????÷?·???÷???????í???·?·???÷????±ê×???????×÷??·?????????????????
?????·???÷±ê×????¤×÷???????à?ù?????????????·???÷±???×???????·????????±?°?·???÷?????ê??·???±ê×???????????·????·???÷±ê×?????????·??ò???????????????????????°?????é?????à?ù???????°???·???÷±ê×???×÷???¨?é±ê×???
?????·???÷±ê×????÷??????
?????????·???÷±ê×????????·???÷±ê×??????????¨???ì????±??÷?????????·???÷?????à???????????ó????*?????ó??·???????°??????????·???÷?????????ó???????????????ó??????*?????ó?????ü?÷????×÷????×?·????????·???÷???ó???????à?????ó????????????????????°????ü??×÷?????????????à?·???÷???ù±?????·??????ì???ó???ù?????????????·???÷?????é???·???÷±ê×????÷????????
????±ê×?????????·????÷±ê×???????·??§?????¨???·???÷?????????ó??°ü?¨????????±ê???¨?????????¨?????é???·?????ó??????????·????????·???÷±ê×??ù??????±ê×?????·??????????ù???????ü°???????????????·???????±ê×??????????ù???¨?????????????????÷???¨???·???÷???°?????·???÷????????·??????·???÷????????·????°????·?·¨??????·?±???????
?¨1??????????????×÷???·???÷????????????????·??????ò???????°???ò???????????????ò???????÷??°ü?¨?????????????·??????×?????FDDI???????????????ò???÷??°ü?¨E1/T1??E3/T3??DS3???¨?????????¨??×?????X.21DTE/DCE??V.35DTE/DCE??RS232DTE/DCE??RS449DTE/DCE??EIA530DTE???????????????¨2???¨?????é???????????????????í?¨?????é??????°ü?¨TCP/IP??PPP??X.25?????????????é???¨3??????°ü×?·??????????????÷??????°????·??±í???????÷?????¨°ü?¨????????????×?·?????°ü???????????·??????°ü?·???????¨4???·?????????¤?????????????????????·?????é?????¤?·??±í???·?????é??°ü?¨RIP??OSPF??BGP?????é???¨5?????í???????????·???÷???í????????°ü?¨????????????????SNMP?ú?í??????Telnet·????÷??????±??????í???????à????RMON???????¨???????????????????·???÷???????????í?????????í???????????¨6??°????????????????????ê??????°ü?????????·×?????·???????????????????·????????°???··???????????????????·??????????·???÷±??????????ù±???????
?????·???÷±ê×?????????·????¨?·???÷???????í????·???????°ü??E1??????ISDN??????????????????????????????FDDI???????°????????????????????·???????????±ê×????????ê???è???????ù??·??÷???¨??????????±ê×???·???·??????¨?·???÷?????????·????·???°ü?¨???????·???·?????é???????????????·?????é??X.25???·?????é??ISDN???·?????é??????????????????°ü???·???÷?????·???????????ó?????·???????é-ARP??????Ethernet??802.3??????×??ó????????-MTU???????????é-PPP???°??????????????????????·????¨?·???÷Internet?????é??????°ü?¨IP???é??ICMP???é??IGMP???é???·???÷?????????é?????????????ò???????ò·??????????????·???÷?è±???????3?????é?÷?????ù×÷?????????¨?????·???÷±ê×???????????????????°???·????·???÷???ù±???????×?·?×??????¨??????°ü×?·????????????¨·??????????????é?¨STD5 RFC791??STD5 RFC950??STD5 RFC792??RFC1016????????·??????÷??????RFC1812??×???????????RFC???????·???÷×?·?×??????ó???????·???÷±ê×???????????????????????·????¨?????????é??°ü?¨TCP???é??UDP???é???·???÷?¤×÷??IP????±???????±????????????????é?????????????????¤?è???¨Telnet?????°?·?????é?è?????·???÷?¨???????????????????é??TCP??UDP???é?è???÷???ò????????????????????????×÷?¨??????????·??¨?????????????é??·??????¨?·???÷????????×??????????é???·?????é??????°ü??????·????????·?????????·???????????????é??×÷??AS????·?·??·???????¨??AS?????·?????????????????é??×÷??AS???????·???????¨??AS???·??????????????·??????·???÷????·??????¨?????ó?·???÷±????§??RFC1902??RFC1906?????¨??SNMP v2???°?à????±ê×?MIB??????????·????¨???????????é?????·???÷???????ù?????ü?????????é???·???÷±???·???STD3??RFC1123???à?????ó??????????·??????·???÷???????¤·????????¨???÷?????¨?·???÷?????????¤?????????·???÷?????????????????¤???????¨???·???÷°?????????????????????????·????¨?·???÷?÷????????±ê???÷??°ü???·???÷????°ü?????·???÷?????????·???÷???±?????·???÷???¤??????±ê???·??±í??????±?*±????????°????·???????????*????±ê????????×??ó???¨???§??AppleTalk??Novell???é?·???÷???????¨???·???÷?·?????ó???°?????????????ó??
|